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Sunday, August 05, 2007

False Friends

False friends are false cognates. That is words that look the same in English as they do in another language - but have different meanings.

  • actually = in realtà currently = attualmente
  • addiction = dipendenza / assuefazione, sum = addizione
  • annoyed = seccato / infastidito, bored = annoiato
  • argument = discussione / litigio, subject = argomento
  • ass = asino / = fig. somaro / sciocco, ace = asso
  • bald = calvo, courageous = baldo
  • barracks = caserma, shack = baracca
  • brave = coraggioso, good / clever = bravo
  • camera = macchina fotografica, room = camera
  • canteen = mensa, cellar = cantina
  • casual = informale, chance / coincidental = casuale
  • code = codice, tail = coda
  • cold = freddo, hot = caldo
  • college = università, boarding school = collegio
  • comprehensive = esauriente, understanding = comprensivo
  • concurrence = coincidenza / concorso di eventi, competition = concorrenza
  • confidence = fiducia, intimacy = confidenza
  • convenience = comodità, profit / cheapness = convenienza
  • corpse = cadavere, body = corpo
  • cucumber = cetriolo, watermelon = cocomero
  • definitely = certamente, ultimately = definitivamente
  • delusion = illusione, disappointment = delusione
  • dependant = familiare a carico, employee = dipendente
  • diffidence = timidezza / ritrosia, distrust = sfiducia
  • discomfort = disagio, distress = sconforto
  • disgrace = vergogna / disonore, misfortune = disgrazia
  • editor = redattore / curatore, publisher = editore
  • educated = colto, polite = educato
  • eventually = alla fine, possibly / if necessary = eventualmente
  • fabric = tessuto, factory = fabbrica
  • factory = fabbrica, farm = fattoria
  • fame = fama, hunger = fame
  • familiar = intimo, family = della famiglia
  • finally = alla fine, at last = finalmente
  • front = facciata / parte anteriore / fronte = militare, forehead = la fronte
  • gracious = clemente / misericordioso, pretty = grazioso
  • horse = cavallo, bear = orso
  • ingenuity = ingegnosità / inventiva, naiveté = ingenuità
  • inhabited = abitato, uninhabited = inabitato
  • injury = ferita / lesione, insult = ingiuria
  • insulation = isolamento, sunstroke = insolazione
  • janitor = custode / portiere, parent = genitore
  • large = grande, wide = largo
  • lecture = conferenza, reading = lettura
  • library = biblioteca, bookshop/ (Am) bookstore = libreria
  • luxury = lusso, lust = lussuria
  • magazine = rivista, warehouse = magazzino
  • mare = cavalla, sea = mare
  • mess = confusione / disordine, mass = messa
  • morbid = morboso, soft = morbido
  • noisy = rumoroso / chiassoso, boring = noioso
  • notice = avviso / annuncio / cartello, news = notizia
  • novel = romanzo, short story = novella
  • palace = palazzo / reggia, building = palazzo
  • pane = lastra di vetro, bread = pane
  • parent = genitore, relation / relative = parente
  • patent = brevetto, driver's license = patente
  • plain = chiaro / semplice, flat = piano
  • possibly = forse, if possible = possibilmente
  • preservative = conservante, condom = preservativo
  • presumption = supposizione / congettura, conceit = presunzione
  • proper = appropriato / caratteristico, one’s own = proprio
  • retribution = castigo , pay = retribuzione
  • romance = storia d’amore, novel = romanzo
  • sale = vendita, salt = sale
  • sensible = sensato / percepibile, sensitive = sensibile
  • storm = temporale, flock = stormo
  • taste = gusto, key = tasto
  • testimony = testimonianza, witness = testimone
  • to advertise = pubblicizzare, to warn = avvertire
  • to apprehend = arrestare, to learn = apprendere
  • to attend = assistere / seguire / frequentare, to wait = attendere
  • to avert = allontanare / evitare / distogliere, to warn = avvertire
  • to license = dare una licenza / autorizzare, to dismiss / to sack = licenziare
  • to magnify = ingrandire, to praise = magnificare
  • to pretend = fingere / simulare, to claim = pretendere
  • tub = vasca da bagno, pipe = tubo
  • vacancy = vuoto / posto vacante, vacation = vacanza
  • vest = canottiera / maglietta / giubbotto, dress = veste
  • vine = vite, wine = vino
  • voluble = loquace, fickle = volubile

Do you know others?

______________________

A frequent question is: "How do I recognize a false friend?" Well, Many words can be easily mistaken by Italians who speakEnglish as a second language. Beware of words that are not what they seem! A false cognate is a word that looks or sounds similar to one in another language but actually has a totally different meaning.

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